The reproductive health of adolescent girls living in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra

Objective. To study the features of reproductive health in adolescent girls residing in the Far North. Subjects and methods. A prospective study was conducted in 112 outpatient records of adolescent girls aged 16–17 years. Group 1 included 31 indigenous minority (Khanty and Mansi) girls living in a North rural area (the urban-type settlement of Beryozovo, KhMAO-Yugra); Group 2 consisted of 28 indigenous girls residing in Khanty-Mansiysk; Group 3 comprised of 53 Slavic girls living in Khanty-Mansiysk. The statistical map for each teenage girl included anamnestic, clinical, and laboratory data. Results. Menarche occurred in Groups 2 and 3 (urban populations) earlier at 11.1 and 11.8 years of age, respectively; and in Group 1 (a rural population) at 12.3 years of age. This is due to overweight and obesity in Groups 2 and 3 urban populations (67.85 and 47.17% of the girls). In Group 1, overweight and obesity were observed only in 22.58%. In this group, the menstrual cycle began at 13–14 years; in Groups 2 and 3, the menstruation periods were irregular until 16–17 years of age. Heavy menstruations during puberty were more often noted in Groups 2 and 3 (53.6 and 35.8%, respectively) than in Group 1 (19.4%) (χ2=7.50; р=0.02). Secondary dysmenorrhea occurred significantly more frequently in Group 3 (41.5%) than in Groups 1 and 2 (19.4 and 17.9%, respectively) (χ2=7.04; p=0.03). Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) during menstrual dysfunction, was more often diagnosed in the girls of Groups 2 and 3 (14.3 and 35.8%, respectively). Inflammatory diseases of the lower genital tract were more common in the urban populations of Groups 2 and 3 (67.85 and 76.19%); while those were in Group 1 (only 38.7%). Conclusion. Urbanization has a negative impact on the menstruation function period formation in the urban girls; menarche occurred earlier among both the indigenous minorities and the Russian population. This is due to the high prevalence of overweight and obesity (>50% of the surveyed). Menstrual irregularities, heavy menstrual blood loss, and IDA were also much more common in the urban population. Earlier onset of sexual activity in the urban population leads to the widespread of inflammatory diseases of the lower genital tract (cervical inflammatory disease, vulvitis, and vaginitis), which requires further investigations and development of a health promotion and rehabilitation program for the urban population.