Primary hyperparathyroidism: the problem needs to be solved

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877305-2021-08-07
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Issue: 
8
Year: 
2021

Professor L. Farkhutdinova, MD Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russia

Primary hyperparathyroidism is one of the acute medical and social problems due to the low level of diagnosis. The main cause of disease is the hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone by the adenoma of the parathyroid gland, which results in osteoporosis, recurrent stone formation, ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract and other severe complications. Diagnosis is based on the detection of hypercalcemia and visualization of the paradenoma by ultrasound, the most effective method of treatment is paraadenomectomy. In Western countries, the active study of primary hyperparathyroidism began in the 70s of the last century. The studies carried out made it possible to find out the prevalence of the disease, which was previously considered a rare pathology, and also significantly increase the detection rate of primary hyperparathyroidism at an early stage. In highly developed countries since the 2000s 80% of new cases of the disease are presented in uncomplicated forms. In the Russian Federation, the situation remains extremely unfavorable: the overwhelming number of cases are detected at the stage of severe complications, while uncomplicated forms do not exceed 30%. The clinical observations presented in the article illustrate the complexities of timely diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism and indicate the need to take urgent measures. The screening of adults for hypercalcemia will make it possible to find out the prevalence of primary hyperparathyroidism, identify the disease at an early stage, as well as determine the provoking factors for the development of primary hyperparathyroidism and outline ways of prevention.
Keywords: 
primary hyperparathyroidism
parathyroid adenoma
hypercalcemia
parathyroid hormone

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