Features of the cognitive sphere in old and elderly patients in health and in cerebrovascular disease

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877305-2021-06-13
Download full text PDF
Issue: 
6
Year: 
2021

A. Komazov(1, 2), E. Lysykh(2), A. Rukavishnikov(3), Candidate of Medical Sciences (1)Academy
of Postgraduate Education, Federal Research and Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care and
Medical Technologies, Federal Biomedical Agency of Russia, Moscow (2)Belgorod State National Research
University (3)Tosno Clinical Interdistrict Hospital, Leningrad Region, Tosno

Cognitive impairment (CI) is a common disorder in clinical practice, and it does not result from age-related changes in the normal aging process, in which there is a slowdown in the rate of a reaction and in the pace of activity, information processing, as well as a decrease in the capacity of short-term memory and other features of the cognitive sphere. The prevalence of cerebrovascular diseases in the population is rising steadily and progressively increasing with age; the leading symptom and the earliest manifestation in the clinical presentation of these diseases are vascular CI. Timely detection of CI and adequate therapy and prevention, by taking into account vascular risk factors, are of great importance for elderly and senile patients, since these make it possible not only to slow down the steady progression of the pathological process caused by cerebrovascular disease, but also to prevent obvious disability and poor quality of life.
Keywords: 
geriatrics
neurology
cognitive impairment
cerebrovascular diseases
stroke
elderly and senile patients
Osteomed Forte

It appears your Web browser is not configured to display PDF files. Download adobe Acrobat или click here to download the PDF file.

References: 
  1. Ekusheva E.V. Sensomotornaja integratsija pri porazhenii tsentral'noj nervnoj sistemy: klinicheskie i patogeneticheskie aspekty. Diss. … d-ra medju nauk. M.: RNIMU im. N.I. Pirogova, 2016 [Ekusheva E. K. Sensomotor integration in central nervous system: clinical and pathogenetic aspects. Dis.. doctor of medical sciences. M.: N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 2016 (in Russ.)].
  2. Fjell A.M., Walhoyd K.B. Structural brain changes in aging: courses, causes and cognitive consequences. Rev Neurosci. 2011; 21 (3): 187–221. DOI: 10.1515/revneuro.2010.21.3.187
  3. Damulin I.V., Ekusheva E.V. Vosstanovlenie posle insul'ta i protsessy nejroplastichnosti. Meditsinskij sovet. 2014; 18: 12–9 [Damulin I.V., Ekusheva E.K. Recovery after stroke and processes of neuroplasticity. Meditsinskiy sovet. 2014; 18: 12–9 (in Russ.)]. DOI: 10.21518/2079-701X-2014-18-12-19
  4. Knopman D.S., Hooshmand B. Cerebrovascular disease affects brain structural integrity long before clinically overt strokes. Neurology. 2017; 89 (2): 110–1. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004098
  5. Samojlova Ju.G., Rotkank M.A., Zhukova N.G. i dr. Variabel'nost' glikemii u patsientov s saharnym diabetom 1-go tipa: svjaz' s kognitivnoj disfunktsiej i dannymi magnitno-rezonansnyh metodov issledovanija. Problemy endokrinologii. 2018; 64 (5): 286–91 [Samoilova Iu.G., Rotkank M.A., Zhukova N.G. et al. Variability of glycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: the relationship with cognitive dysfunction and the results of magnetic resonance imaging. Problemy Endokrinologii. 2018; 64 (5): 286–91 (in Russ.)]. DOI: 10.14341/probl9589
  6. Samojlova Ju.G., Rotkank M.A., Zhukova N.G. i dr. Markery kognitivnyh narushenij i variabel'nost' glikemii u patsientov s saharnym diabetom 1-go tipa. Zhurnal nevrologii i psihiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2018; 118 (4): 48–51 [Samoilova Iu.G., Rotkank M.A., Zhukova N.G. et al. Markers for cognitive impairments and variability of glycaemia in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova. 2018; 118 (4): 48–51 (in Russ.)]. DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20181184148-51
  7. Ekusheva E.V., Danilov A.B., Vein A.M. Hemoparesis syndrome: clinical-pathophysiological analysis. Zhurnal nevrologii i psihiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2002; 11 (102): 18 [Ekusheva E.K., Danilov A.B., Vein A.M. Hemiparesis syndrome: clinical-pathophysiological analysis. S.S Korsakov Zhurnal Neurol i Psikhiatr. 2002; 11 (102): 18 (in Russ.)].
  8. Ekusheva E. V. Pozhiloj patsient s komorbidnoj patologiej v praktike kardiologa. RMZh. Meditsinskoe obozrenie. 2018; 11 (2): 26–9 [Ekusheva E. V. Elderly patient with comorbid pathology in the practice of a cardiologist. RMJ. Medical Review. 2018; 11 (2): 26–9 (in Russ.)].
  9. Van der Flier W.M., van Straaten E.C.W., Barkhof F. et al. (LADIS Study Group). Small vessel disease and general cognitive function in nondisabled elderly. The LADIS Study. Stroke. 2005; 36: 2116–20. DOI: 10.1161/01.STR.0000179092.59909.42
  10. Plotnikov M.B. i dr. Tserebroprotektornye effekty smesi dikvertina i askorbinovoj kisloty. Bjull eksperim biol i med. 2000; 130 (11): 543–7 [Plotnikov M.B. et al. Cerebroprotective effects of diquertin and ascorbic ACID. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2000; 130 (11): 543–7 (in Russ.)].
  11. Aspell N., Lawlor B., O’Sullivan M. Is there a role for vitamin D in supporting cognitive function as we age? Proc Nutr Soc. 2017; 13: 1–11. DOI: 10.1017/S0029665117004153
  12. Beydoun M., Hossain S., Fanelli-Kuczmarski M. Vitamin D Status and Intakes and Their Association with Cognitive Trajectory in A Longitudinal Study of Urban Adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018; 103 (4): 1654–68. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-02462
  13. Goodwill A., Campbell S., Simpson S. Jr. Vitamin D status is associated with executive function a decade later: Data from the Women’s Healthy Ageing Project. Maturitas. 2018; 107: 56–62. DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.10.005
  14. Alekseeva N. i dr. Defitsit vitamina D i narushenija psihoemotsional'noj sfery pri metabolicheskom sindrome. Vrach. 2016; 12: 56–8 [Alekseeva N. et al. Vitamin D deficiency and psychoemotional sphere disorders in metabolic syndrome. Vrach. 2016; 12: 56–8 (in Russ.)].
  15. Polikarpochkin A.N. i dr. Otsenka effektivnosti primenenija giperbaricheskoj oksigenatsii i preparata «Osteo-Vit D3» pri lechenii gonartrozov. Giperbaricheskaja fiziologija i meditsina. 2018; 1: 13–24 [Polikarpochkin A.N. et al. Evaluation of the effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygenation and preparation «Osteo-Vit D3» in the treatment of gonarthrosis. Giperbaricheskaya fiziologiya i meditsina. 2018; 1: 13–24 (in Russ.)].
  16. Samylina I.A., Strukov V.I. i dr. Osteoprotektornye svojstva kombinatsii HDBA kompleksa s vitaminami D3 i B6 (Osteo-Vit D3). Farmatsija. 2020; 69 (1): 48–56 [Samylina I.A., Strukov V.I. et al. Osteoprotective properties of a combination of HDBA complex and vitamins D3 and B6 (Osteo-Vit D3). Pharmacy. 2020; 69 (1): 48–56 (in Russ.)]. DOI: 10.29296/25419218-2020-01-08
  17. Strukov V.I. et al. The use of Bone Tissue Non-Steroid Anabolizators in Treatment of Osteoporosis. Research J Pharm Tech. 2019; 12 (5): 2195–9. DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2019.00366.4
  18. Barilko M. i dr. Osteomed v praktike vracha-terapevta. Vrach. 2017; 3: 37–40 [Barilko M. et al. The application of Osteomed in practice of physician. Vrach. 2017; 3: 37–40 (in Russ.)].
  19. Vahrusheva L. i dr. Osteomed Forte v reabilitatsii detej s detskim tserebral'nym paralichom. Vrach. 2017; 8: 22–4 [Vakhrusheva L. et al. Osteomed Forte in the rehabilitation of children with infantile cerebral palsy. Vrach. 2017; 8: 22–4 (in Russ.)].
  20. Zverev D.P. i dr. Otsenka vlijanija kursovogo priema preparata Osteomed Forte na fizicheskuju rabotosposobnost' vodolazov. Vrach. 2020; 31 (9): 40–7 [Zverev D. et al. Evaluation of the impact of course Osteomed Forte administration on the physical working capacity of divers.Vrach. 2020; 31 (9): 40–47 (in Russ.)]. DOI: 10.29296/25877305-2020-09-07
  21. Farfel J.M., Nitrini R., Suemoto C.K. et al. Very low levels of education and cognitive reserve: A clinicopathologic study. Neurology. 2013; 81: 650–7. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182a08f1b