Modern aspects of traumatic brain injury surgery

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877305-2021-04-03
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Issue: 
4
Year: 
2021

Professor A. Fraerman(1), MD; A. Yarikov(2, 3), Candidate of Medical Sciences; I. Smirnov(1);
M. Matrosova(1, 4); V. Fokeev(1); A. Ermolaev(1, 4); Yu. Rudnev(1); P. Smirnov(1), Candidate of Medical
Sciences; I. Gun’kin(5), Candidate of Medical Sciences; A. Kalinkin(6), Candidate of Medical Sciences
(1)City Clinical Hospital Thirty-Nine, Nizhny Novgorod (2)Volga District Medical Center, Federal Biomedical
Agency of Russia, Nizhny Novgorod (3)City Clinical Hospital Thirteen, Nizhny Novgorod (4)Volga Research
Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Nizhny Novgorod (5)N.P. Ogarev Mordovia State University,
Saransk (6)Federal Research and Clinical Center, Federal Biomedical Agency of Russia, Moscow

In Russia, about 600 thousand people receive traumatic brain injury (TBI) every year, 50 thousand of them die, 50 thousand people become disabled. Mortality from TBI is higher than that from diseases of the cardiovascular system. This publication describes in detail the principles of surgical treatment of TBI. Indications for surgical treatment of epidural hematomas, subdural hematomas, focal bruises, multiple hematomas, intraventricular hemorrhages, depressed fractures, and craniofacial injuries are described. Risk factors for an unfavorable outcome in patients with severe TBI are described. The use of new technologies in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with TBI, as well as the introduction of new types of surgical interventions in the emergency department of neurosurgery will significantly improve the results of treatment.
Keywords: 
surgery
neurology
epidural hematoma
subdural hematoma
traumatic brain injury
brain contusion
decompression of the skull trepanation
intraventricular hemorrhage

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