INFLUENCE OF AGING OF ADRENALS ON THE WORK OF DIFFERENT BODIES AND SYSTEMS

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877305-2020-06-06
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Issue: 
6
Year: 
2020

S. Bulgakova, MD; E. Treneva, Candidate of Medical Sciences; Professor N. Zakharova, MD; A. Nikolaeva, Candidate of Medical Sciences Samara state medical University, Samara

The aging process affects the structure and function of various organs and systems. The adrenal glands are also subject to age-related changes. Questions: hormones and aging, what is primary and what is secondary, where is the cause, and where is the consequence – scientists have been worried for a long time. The lack of answers to these questions makes it relevant to study age-related changes in the adrenal glands and their impact on the work of various organs and systems Purpose: to study the effect of age-related changes in the adrenal glands on the work of various organs and systems. Materials and methods: analysis of literature data on search words - aging, hormones, endocrine system, old age, senile age, adrenal glands, hypothalamus, pituitary gland glucocorticoids, dehydroepiandrosterone for 2000–2019 in computer databases: PubMed, Scopus, Medical-Science, Elibrary, Web of Science, Ceeol. Results. Normal aging leads to changes in the activity of the axis of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal gland (HPA) and the production of adrenal hormones. Significant is an increase in the average daily levels of cortisol in the serum of older people with changes in the circadian secretion rhythm. Excess glucocorticoids in the elderly can affect the structural integrity and function of various areas of the brain, associated with muscle loss, hypertension, osteopenia, visceral obesity, and diabetes mellitus. In contrast, levels of other adrenal cortical hormones (aldosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone) in the elderly have been proven to be reduced. The main mechanisms for their reduction remain unclear. Catecholamine secretion is also subject to age-related changes. Conclusion. In the process of aging, numerous structural and functional changes in the adrenal glands occur, which affects the functioning of many organs and systems.
Keywords: 
geriatrics
aging
adrenal glands
hormones
stress
glucocorticoids
dehydroepiandrosterone
hypothalamus
pituitary gland

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