Clinical features of endometrial polyps in postmenopausal women
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877305-2021-05-07
Issue:
5
Year:
2021
The incidence of cancer of the uterine body in recent years is in the first place in the structure
of genital cancers. Endometrial polyps (PE) are an actual gynecological problem from the point of view of
cancer risk, increased in the postmenopausal period. The aim of the study was to conduct a quantitative
analysis of the clinical features of the course of PE in postmenopausal patients. Material and methods. A
retrospective cohort study was performed on the basis of the gynecological department of the CHUZ «CB
«Russian Railways-Medicine» Omsk». The research cohort consisted of 133 postmenopausal women with PE (mean
age-59.23±6.34 years) who underwent hysteroscopic polypectomy. Results. The duration of postmenopause was
9.47±6.66 years. PE was dominant in late postmenopausal women (68.4%). Postmenopausal PE patients had
asymptomatic course (69.2%), uterine bleeding (30.8%), recurrent PE (15.8%), concomitant tamoxifen treatment
(3.8%). According to the hysteroscopy data, single PE (75.2%) with an average size of 15.7±9.4 mm prevailed.
The predominance of glandular-fibrous PE (61.7%) is characteristic of glandular PE (36.8%) and adenomatous
PE (1.5%). Signs of malignancy of adenomatous PE and cancer in the surrounding endometrium were found in the
symptomatic (n=41) and asymptomatic course of the disease (n=92) (p>0.05). Conclusion. In postmenopausal
patients with asymptomatic PE and PE associated with postmenopausal bleeding, the disease occurs against the
background of precancerous and endometrial cancer (in the polyp or surrounding endometrium) in 3.76% of
cases, which requires histological verification when detecting proliferative endometrial processes in
postmenopausal ultrasound, regardless of the size of the polyp and the absence of clinical manifestations.
Keywords:
endometrial polyp
postmenopause
hysteroscopic polypectomy
malignancy
endometrial cancer
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