Osteoporosis: the current state of the problem, modern neuroimaging techniques, and treatment principles

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877305-2020-12-11
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Issue: 
12
Year: 
2020

Professor O. Perlmutter(2, 6), MD; A. Yarikov(1, 2, 7), *, Candidate of Medical Sciences; I.
Lobanov(3); S. Pavlinov(5); Professor A. Fraerman(2, 6), MD, *; A. Sosnin(1), Candidate of Medical Sciences;
S. Pardaev(8), *, Candidate of Medical Sciences; Professor A. Mukhin(8), MD; I. Smirnov(2, 7); I. Gunkin(2),
Candidate of Medical Sciences; A. Denisov(5); S. Masevnin(5), Candidate of Medical Sciences; M. Dokish(5),
Candidate of Medical Sciences; Yu. Koritko(4); Professor I. Yezhov(1, 6), MD (1)Volga District Medical
Center, Federal Biomedical Agency of Russia, Nizhny Novgorod (2)City Clinical Hospital Thirty-Nine, Nizhny
Novgorod (3)Tonus Medical Center, Nizhny Novgorod (4)R.R. Vreden Russian Research Institute of Traumatology
and Orthopedics, Ministry of Health of Russia, Saint Petersburg (5)Mirt (Myrtle) Medical Center, Kostroma
(6)Volga Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod (7)Central City Hospital, Arzamas (8)Samarkand Branch,
Republican Specialized Research and Practical Medical Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Samarkand,
Uzbekistan

Due to world population aging, the number of patients with osteoporosis (OP) continues to rise. According to the WHO, OP ranks fourth among the factors influencing the duration and quality of life in people. The urgency of the problem is associated with the widespread prevalence of this disease. In Russia, OP affects about 14 million people that is nearly 10% of the population; 80% of them are female. The treatment of this disease attracts attention from physicians of various specialties: rheumatologists, therapists, general practitioners, orthopedic traumatologists, neurosurgeons, vertebrologists, neurologists, endocrinologists, gynecologists, and rehabilitation therapists. The paper gives data on current osteoporosis diagnosing techniques (spondylography, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, ultrasound densitometry, X-ray computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging). It describes the advantages and disadvantages of each of these techniques. The paper also explains nuances in the differential diagnosis of OP and other diseases. It depicts medical and surgical treatments for OP. Current drugs to treat this disease are presented.
Keywords: 
therapy
osteoporosis
osteodensitometry
Osteomed Forte
Osteo-Vit D3
bone mineral density
Osteomed

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