Possibilities of occupational therapy in the elderly and senile with cognitive impairments

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877305-2023-12-03
Issue: 
12
Year: 
2023

Associate Professor S. Maltsev(1), Candidate of Medical Sciences; Professor
D. Medvedev(1, 2), MD, Associate Professor A. Lapotnikov(1), Candidate of Medical Sciences; Associate Professor I. Yushkova(1), Candidate of Biological Sciences; M. Stepanov(1)
1-Saint Petersburg Medico-Social Institute
2-Saint Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology

One of the significant modern problems of geriatrics is cognitive impairment. Moderate cognitive deficits are observed in 20% of older age groups. Ergotherapy, a multidisciplinary practice-oriented approach aimed at ensuring daily activity and meeting human needs in conditions of limitations of his psychophysiological capabilities that have arisen as a result of diseases and injuries, occupies an increasing place in geriatric medical and social technologies in our country. Objective. To assess the possibilities of occupational therapy in the system of providing medical and social assistance to elderly and senile people with cognitive impairments based on the analysis of Russian and foreign practice. Results. Ergotherapy is recommended in treatment and rehabilitation programs for patients of older age groups and, according to various authors, contributes to improving mood, cognitive abilities, physical condition and quality of life. For further development ergotherapy and the introduction of its approaches into the practice of providing geriatric medical and social care, scientific justification and development of differential diagnostic and therapeutic programs and algorithms, comparison of diagnostic data with other valid methods of assessing the functional status of older age groups; study of the possibility of optimal combination with traditional methods of physical and rehabilitation medicine, development of a methodology for individual satisfaction in the need for work and social activity in general, an assessment of its effectiveness from the standpoint of evidence-based medicine.
Keywords: 
aging
geriatric profile
medical and social care
long-term care
individual vitality
dementia
quality of life
occupational therapy
cognitive impairment
age-related features.

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