Измерение объема околоплодных вод

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877305-2023-01-03
Номер журнала: 
1
Год издания: 
2023

Ю.В. Трусов, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент,
В.А. Крамарский, доктор медицинских наук, профессор,
Н.И. Файзуллина, кандидат медицинских наук
Иркутская государственная медицинская академия
последипломного образования – филиал
Российской медицинской академии непрерывного
профессионального образования Минздрава России
E-mail: 4pyco4@gmail.com

Качественная или полуколичественная оценка объема околоплодных вод (ООВ) является стандартным компонентом каждого УЗИ во II и III триместрах беременности. Аномалии ООВ связаны с различными осложнениями беременности. В клинической практике ультразвуковая (УЗ) оценка ООВ используется в комплексе с другими клиническими и сонографическими параметрами (биофизический профиль, нестрессовый тест, предполагаемая масса плода при УЗИ, клиническое обследование) для принятия эффективных врачебных решений с целью сохранения благополучия плода при ведении беременностей с акушерскими осложнениями. УЗ-метод является наиболее распространенным методом оценки ООВ, при котором ООВ определяется на основе мнения врача (качественно) или на основе величины максимального вертикального кармана (МВК) и индекса амниотической жидкости. Данные способы хорошо подходят для выявления плодов с нормальным ООВ, однако имеют недостаточную точность для диагностики маловодия и многоводия. Кроме того, УЗ-оценка ООВ близнецов плохо соответствует эталонным значениям маловодия и многоводия. Несмотря на это, целесообразно применять качественный и полуколичественный (МВК) способы оценки ООВ. Результаты для каждого близнеца интерпретируются с использованием тех же критериев МВК, что и для одиночных плодов.
Ключевые слова: 
акушерство и гинекология
объем околоплодных вод
ультразвуковое исследование
максимальный вертикальный карман
индекс амниотической жидкости.
Для цитирования
Трусов Ю.В., Крамарский В.А., Файзуллина Н.И. Измерение объема околоплодных вод . Врач, 2023; (1): 20-25 https://doi.org/10.29296/25877305-2023-01-03

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