Principles of diagnosis and treatment of primary extramedullary spinal cord tumors

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877305-2022-11-05
Issue: 
11
Year: 
2022

A. Yarikov, Candidate of Medical Sciences(1-5); A. Dubskikh(6); I. Smirnov(2, 5); Professor A. Fraerman(2), MD; Professor O. Perlmutter(2), MD; Professor S. Tsybusov(4), MD;
A. Kalinkin(7, 8), Candidate of Medical Sciences; A. Simonov(2), Candidate of Medical Sciences; A. Istrelov(2), Candidate of Medical Sciences; S. Pavlinov(9)
1-Volga District Medical Center, Federal Biomedical Agency of Russia, Nizhny Novgorod
2-City Clinical Hospital Thirty-Nine, Nizhny Novgorod
3-City Clinical Hospital Thirteenth, Nizhny
4-N.I. Lobachevsky National Research Nizhny Novgorod State University
5-Central City Hospital, Arzamas
6-Sverdlovsk Regional Oncological Dispensary, Yekaterinburg
7- Clinical Hospital Fifty-First, Federal Biomedical Agency of Russia, Zheleznogorsk
8-Federal Siberian Research and Clinical Center, Federal Biomedical Agency
of Russia, Krasnoyarsk
9-OOO «Mirt Medical Center», Kostroma

Spinal cord tumors are most often observed in a socially active group of people aged 30–50 years with a predominance of extramedullary tumors, which determines the great urgency of this problem. The analysis of the data of modern literature devoted to the main methods of diagnosis of spinal cord tumors is presented. The possibilities of using computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging are reflected. Various surgical methods for the treatment of extramedullary spinal cord tumors are presented, where a special role is given to minimally invasive approaches. Complications of postoperative interventions are described. It is noted that the radical surgical treatment of spinal cord tumors depends not only on the localization and size of the tumor, but also on its histological structure, which determines the outcome of the disease.
Keywords: 
meningioma
neurinoma
spinal cord tumors
neurofibromatosis
аpparent diffusion coefficient card
minimally invasive surgery

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