Treatment for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in extremely low-birth weight prema-ture infants: selection of respiratory support
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877305-2020-08-09
Issue:
8
Year:
2020
The paper deals with the urgent problem of perinatology and neonatal resuscitation - the treatment
of extremely premature infants with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). It discusses the
epidemiology, survival, and perinatal outcomes in premature babies. NRDS is a se-vere respiratory disorder
in premature babies due to immaturity of the lungs and primary surfac-tant deficiency. The paper shows the
high sociomedical significance of the impact of gestational age and extremely low-birth weight on the
severity and progression of respiratory failure in ex-tremely premature infants. It presents the clinical
manifestations and features of the diagnosis of NRDS. The Silverman-Andersen respiratory severity score is
applied. The paper discusses the modern principles of and approaches to performing a starting and prolonged
respiratory therapy as mechanical ventilation with biphasic positive airway pressure (BIPAP). The authors
give their preliminary results of using non-invasive mechanical ventilation in the duoPAP mode, an analogue
of BIPAP through nasal cannulas. They consider indications, contraindications, and predictors of effective
use of duoPAP in a in extremely low-birth weight premature infant within the first hours and days.
Keywords:
perinatology
neonatology
premature newborns
extremely low-birth weight
neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
respiratory failure
non-invasive mechanical ventilation
neonatal intensive care
respiratory support
surfactant
premature birth
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