Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in extremely premature infants: epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentations, and perinatal risk factors

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877305-2020-08-04
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Issue: 
8
Year: 
2020

O. Zavyalov(1, 2); Zh. Chabaidze(1, 3), Candidate of Medical Sciences; A. Dementyev(1, 3),
Candidate of Medical Sciences; Professor I. Pasechnik(2), MD (1)S.S. Yudin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow
(2)Central State Medical Academy, Presidential Administration of Russia, Moscow (3)Russian Medical Academy
of Continuing Professional Education, Moscow

The paper deals with the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) in extremely premature infants. Based on the study of current Russian and foreign literature sources, the authors give new evidence for the impact of parturient somatic and obstetric/gynecological diseases on the occurrence of NRDS in extremely low-birth weight (ELBW) premature infants. Gestational age and ELBW are shown to be of great sociomedical significance for the severity and progression of NRDS within the first 168 hours of life in extremely premature infants. There is evidence that intrauterine infection and experienced asphyxia worsen the course of NRDS in the early neonatal period. The survival and perinatal outcomes of the extremely premature infants with NRDS are described
Keywords: 
perinatology
neonatology
neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
surfactant
extremely low-birth weight

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