IMPACT OF LOW-INTENSITY AND OCCASIONAL SMOKING ON HEALTH

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877305-2018-04-06
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Issue: 
4
Year: 
2018

O. Titova(1), MD; O. Sukhovskaya(1, 2), Biol.D; V. Kulikov(1), Candidate of Medical Sciences 1-Research Institute of Pulmonology, Acad. I.P. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University 2-Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology

The results obtained from a meta-analysis demonstrate that no safe level of smoking exists for cardiovascular diseases, risks of cancer and a number of somatic diseases. They also convincingly show the need for recommendations for smokers to completely give up smoking rather than to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked.
Keywords: 
healthcare service
smoking
risk
diseases
mortality

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